903 cards
Group 17: ____ are diatomic gases at room temperature.
Group 17: ____ is a diatomic liquid at room temperature.
Group 17: Bromine is a diatomic ____ at room temperature.
Group 17: ____ is a diatomic solid at room temperature.
Group 17: Iodine is a diatomic ____ at room temperature.
When in compounds, flourine always has an oxidation state of ____.
All of the halogens can combine with hydrogen to form ____.
All of the halogens can combine with ____ to form gaseous hydrogen halides.
The halogens react with metals to form ionic halides, such as ____.
The halogens react with metals to form ____, such as NaCl.
The halogens react with ____ to form ionic halides, such as NaCl.
Unlike other elements, the noble gases are normally found in nature as ____ atoms.
Unlike other elements, the ____ are normally found in nature as isolated atoms.
The elements that tend to exist as diatomic molecules are ____.
Moving across a period, the radius ____ because each subsequent element has an additional proton, which pulls more strongly on the surround…
Moving across a period, the radius decreases because each subsequent element has an additional proton, which ____
The ____ is the distance from the center of the nucleus to the outermost electron.
The atomic radius is the distance from t____.
Atomic radius increases going down a group, because ____
____ is the only periodic trend that increases moving down a group and across a period from right to left.
____ describes the electrostatic force between charged objects.
Coulomb's law describes ____
____ force is the force between charged objects.
Electrostatic force is the force between ____.
____ occurs due to the repulsive forces between electrons.
Shielding occurs due to the ____.
The amount of charge felt by the most recently added electron is called ____.
The amount of charge felt by ____ is called the effective nuclear charge (Zeff).
Since Zeff increases from left to right, ____
Zeff is ____ related to shielding of electrons.
The more negative the charge of an ion, the more repulsive forces it has, in turn giving it a bigger radius, because of a lower ____.
The more negative the charge of an ion, the more repulsive forces it has, in turn giving it a bigger ____, because of a lower Zeff.
The more negative the charge of an ion, the more ____ forces it has, in turn giving it a bigger radius, because of a lower Zeff.
The more ____ the charge of an ion, the more repulsive forces it has, in turn giving it a bigger radius, because of a lower Zeff.
____ is the energy needed to detach an electron from an atom.
Ionization energy is the energy needed to ____
____ is the energy necessary to remoe an electron neutral atom in its gaseous state to form a +1 cation.
First ionization energy is the energy necessary to remoe an electron neutral atom in its gaseous state to form a ____.
The energy required for the removal of a second electron from the same atom to form a +2 cation is called ____.
The energy required for the removal of a second electron from the same atom to form a ____ is called the second ionization energy.
How does Coloumb's law explain the greater effect of increasing radius over increasing Zeff down a group?____
Pulling the outermost electron ____
Holding the outermost electron ____
Atoms with ____ will pull more strongly on electrons in covalent bonds, increasing electronegativity across a period.
Atoms with greater Zeff will pull more strongly on electrons in covalent bonds, increasing ____ across a period.
Atoms with ____ Zeff will more readily accept another electron, so electron affinity increases across a period.
Atoms with stronger Zeff will more readily accept another electron, so ____ increases across a period.
____ is the tendency of an atom to attract electrons shared in a covalent bond.
Electronegativity is the tendency of an atom to ____
When two atoms have different electronegativities, they share electrons unequally, causing ____.
When two atoms have different ____, they share electrons unequally, causing polarity.
The most commonly used measurement of electronegativity is ____.
The most commonly used measurement of ____ is the Pauling scale.
The most electronegative atom is ____.
Atoms that are better at sharing electrons have ____ electronegativity.
The electronegativity of hydrogen falls between that of ____.
The electronegativity of ____ falls between that of boron and that of carbon.
Boron and the elements to the left of boron will carry a ____ charge when bonded to hydrogen.
____ will carry a partial positive charge when bonded to hydrogen.
Carbon and the elements to the right of carbon will carry a ____ charge when bonded to hydrogen.