274 cards
DNA cannot leave the nucleus because ____.
Since DNA cannot leave the nucleus, it must utilize ____ to transmit genetic information.
The creation of mRNA from a DNA template is known as ____.
Transcription results in ____.
mRNA is synthesized from ____ .
Template strand is also known as the ____ strand.
____ strand is also known as the antisense strand.
The newly synthesized mRNA strand is both an____ to the DNA template strand.
RNA is synthesized by a ____.
RNA polymerase locates genes by searching for specialized DNA regions known as ____ regions.
In eukaryotes, ____ is the main player in transcribing mRNA.
In ____, RNA polymerase II is the main player in transcribing mRNA.
RNA polymerase II binding site in the promoter region is known as the ____.
____ help the RNA polymerase locate and bind to this promoter region of the DNA.
RNA polymerase ____ is located in the nucleolus and synthesizes rRNA.
RNA polymerase I is located in the ____ and synthesizes rRNA.
RNA polymerase I is located in the nucleolus and synthesizes ____.
RNA polymerase ____ is located in the nucleus and synthesizes hnRNA and some small nuclear RNA.
RNA polymerase II is located in the ____ and synthesizes hnRNA and some small nuclear RNA.
RNA polymerase II is located in the nucleus and synthesizes ____.
RNA polymerase ____ is located in the nucleus and synthesizes tRNA and some rRNA.
RNA polymerase III is located in the ____ and synthesizes tRNA and some rRNA.
RNA polymerase III is located in the nucleus and synthesizes ____.
The first base transcribed from DNA to RNA is defined as the ____ base of that gene region.
Bases to the left of the start point (____′ end) are given negative numbers: –1, –2, –3, and so on.
Bases to the ____ of the start point (upstream, or toward the 5′ end) are given negative numbers: –1, –2, –3, and so on.
Bases to the left of the start point (upstream, or toward the 5′ end) are given n____3, and so on.
Bases to the right of the start point (____′ end) are given positive numbers: +1, +2, +3, and so on.
Bases to the ____ of the start point (downstream, or toward the 3′ end) are given positive numbers: +1, +2, +3, and so on.
Bases to the right of the start point (downstream, or toward the 3′ end) are given ____3, and so on.
The TATA box usually falls around ____ of the starting point.
The ____ usually falls around –25 of the starting point.
The primary transcript formed is termed ____.
mRNA is derived from hnRNA via ____.
Before the hnRNA can leave the nucleus and be translated to protein, it must undergo three specific processes to allow it to ____.
Maturation of the hnRNA includes splicing of the transcript to remove ____ together.
Splicing is accomplished by the ____.
In the spliceosome, ____s .
The ____ complex recognizes both the 5′ and 3′ splice sites of the introns.
The snRNP/snRNA complex recognizes both the 5′ and 3′ splice sites of the ____.
The introns are excised in the form of a ____.
At the ____′ end of the hnRNA molecule, a 7-methylguanylate triphosphate cap is added.
At the 5′ end of the hnRNA molecule, a ____ is added.
The 5' cap is actually added during the process of ____.
The 7-methylguanylate cap protects the mRNA from ____.
A ____ is added to the 3′ end of the mRNA transcript.
A polyadenosyl (poly-A) tail is added to the ____′ end of the mRNA transcript.
The longer the ____, the more time the mRNA will be able to survive before being digested in the cytoplasm.
The primary transcript of hnRNA may be spliced together in different ways to produce multiple variants of proteins encoded by the same orig…
Once the mRNA transcript is created and processed, it can exit the nucleus through ____.
Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA finds a ribosome to begin the process of ____ .
Once in the cytoplasm, mRNA finds a ____ to begin the process of translation .
Translation is a complex process that requires ____.
The ribosome is composed of ____.
Ribosome main function is ____.
There are three binding sites in the ribosome for tRNA: ____.
Eukaryotic ribosomes contain four strands of rRNA, designated the ____ rRNAs.
Prokaryotic ribosomes contain three strands of rRNA, designated the ____ rRNAs.
The genes for some of the eukaryotic rRNAs (____ rRNAs) used to construct the ribosome are found in the nucleolus.
The genes for some of the eukaryotic rRNAs (28S, 18S, and 5.8S rRNAs) used to construct the ribosome are found in the ____.