Organic Chemistry · Chapter 7: Aldehydes & Ketones II

Question

The kinetic product is favored in reactions that are ____ base.

Answer

The kinetic product is favored in reactions that are rapid, irreversible, at lower temperatures, and with a strong, sterically hindered base.
The kinetic product is favored in reactions that are rapid, irreversible, at lower temperatures, and with a strong, ste…
Caution: It says favored, not an order. If the reaction is reversible, the kinetic product can revert to the original reactant and react again to form the thermodynamic product.
Note ↓: Path [1] occurs faster than Path [2] because it results in removal of the less hindered 2° hydrogen, forming an enolate on the less substituted α carbon. Path [2] results in removal of a 3° hydrogen, forming the more stable enolate with the more substituted double bond. This enolate predominates at equilibrium.

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More cards in Chapter 7: Aldehydes & Ketones II

____ - carbon is adjacent to the carbonyl carbon.

Through ____, oxygen pulls some of the electron density out of these α-Hydrogens bonded to Carbons, weakening them.

Through induction, oxygen pulls some of the ____ out of these α-Hydrogens bonded to Carbons, weakening them.

Through induction, oxygen pulls some of the electron density out of these α-Hydrogens bonded to Carbons, ____ them.

Oxygen pulling on C-H bonds with α-hydrogens, makes it relatively easy to ____ the α -carbon of an aldehyde or ketone.

The ____ of α -hydrogens is augmented by resonance stabilization of the conjugate base.

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