303 cards
A bacterial ____ is a virus that carries genetic material from one bacterium to another.
A bacterial vector is ____
Viruses are ____ pathogens.
Bacteriophages are ____.
____ are viruses that infect bacteria.
____ is the process by which foreign DNA is introduced into a bacterial cell by a virus or viral vector.
Transduction is the process by which ____
____ are genetic elements capable of inserting and removing themselves from the genome.
Transposons are ____
If a transposon is inserted within a coding region of a gene, that gene may be ____ed.
In a new environment, bacteria first adapt to the new local conditions during ____.
As the bacteria adapt, the rate of division increases, causing an exponential increase in the number of bacteria in the colony during ____.
As the number of bacteria in the colony grows, resources are often reduced. The reduction of resources slows reproduction, and ____ results.
After the bacteria have exceeded the ability of the environment to support the number of bacteria, ____ occurs, marking the depletion of re…
Bacterial Growth Curve Order: ____ Phase
The bacterial growth curve is an example of a ____ plot.
Viruses may be as small as ____ nm.
Prokaryotes are ____ µ m.
Viruses are composed of ____.
The genetic information in a virus may be ____.
The protein coat of a virus is known as ____ .
The ____ of a virus is known as a capsid .
The capsid of the virus may be surrounded by an envelope composed of ____.
The envelope of a virus is very sensitive to ____.
After hijacking a cell’s machinery, a virus will replicate and produce viral progeny, called ____ .
The ____ of a bacteriophage can act like a syringe, injecting genetic material into a bacterium.
The tail sheath of a bacteriophage ____
The ____ of bacteriophage helps recognize and connect to the correct host cell.
The tail fibers of bacteriophage ____
____ RNA virus implies that the genome may be directly translated to functional proteins by the ribosomes of the host cell, just like mRNA.
Positive sense RNA virus ____
Negative-sense RNA viruses ____
____ RNA viruses acts as a template for synthesis of a complementary strand, which can then be used as a template for protein synthesis.
Negative-sense RNA viruses must carry ____ in the virion to ensure that the complementary strand is synthesized.
Negative-sense RNA viruses must carry an RNA replicase in the virion to ensure ____
____ RNA viruses must carry an RNA replicase in the virion to ensure that the complementary strand is synthesized.
Retroviruses are ____ RNA viruses in the family Retroviridae.
____ are enveloped, single-stranded RNA viruses in the family Retroviridae.
Retroviruses carry an enzyme known as ____.
Reverse transcriptase ____
The DNA created from use of reverse transcriptase can ____
Viruses infect cells by attaching to specific receptors, and can then enter the cell by ____.
A virus can leave the cell by fusing with its plasma membrane in a process known as ____.
Virus leaving through extrusion, ____
Viral progeny are released through ____.
Bacteriophages have two specific life cycles: ____.
In the ____ cycle, the bacteriophage produces massive numbers of new virions until the cell lyses.
In the lytic cycle, the bacteriophage ____
Bacteria in the lytic phase are termed ____.
Bacteria in the ____ phase are termed virulent.
In the ____ cycle, the virus integrates into the host genome as a pro-virus or prophage, which can then reproduce along with the cell.
In the lysogenic cycle, ____
The provirus from lysogenic cycle can ____
The provirus from ____ cycle can remain in the genome indefinitely, or may leave the genome in response to a stimulus and enter the lytic c…
The ____ from lysogenic cycle can remain in the genome indefinitely, or may leave the genome in response to a stimulus and enter the lytic…
Prions are ____
____ are infectious proteins that trigger misfolding of other proteins.
Prions usually convert ____.
____ usually convert α -helical structure to a β -pleated sheet.
____ are plant pathogens.