920 cards
The isoelectric point formula when there is no side chain is:
The isoelectric point formula when there is a neutral side chain is:
The isoelectric point formula when there is a basic side chain is:
The isoelectric point formula when there is an acidic side chain is:
At the midpoint of a titration, the pH = ____.
At the ____ of a titration, the pH = pK a .
At the equivalence point of a titration, pH = ____.
At the ____ of a titration, pH = pI.
The ____ structure of proteins is the linear sequence of amino acids in a peptide.
The 1° structure of proteins is ____.
The ____ structure of proteins is the local folding of neighboring amino acids including α-helices and β-pleated sheets .
The 2° structure of proteins is ____.
The ____ structure of proteins is the 3-D shape of a single polypeptide chain.
The 3° structure of proteins is ____.
The ____ structure of proteins is the interaction between peptides in proteins that contain multiple subunits.
The 4° structure of proteins is ____.
____ protein structure.
α-helices are ____ coils around a central axis and are a common 2° protein structure.
____ protein structure.
____ has a rigid cyclic structure and can interrupt 2° protein structure.
Proline has a ____ protein structure.
____ is when a protein (or nucleic acid) l oses its 4°, 3°, and 2° structures due to breaking of non-covalent interactions.
Denaturation is when a protein (or nucleic acid) l oses its ____ structures due to breaking of non-covalent interactions.
Denaturation is when a protein (or nucleic acid) l oses its 4°, 3°, and 2° structures due to ____.
The ____ entropy of the surrounding water molecules.
The hydrophobic effect pushes hydrophobic R groups to the interior of a protein, which increases entropy of the ____.
____ occur when two cysteine molecules are oxidized and create a covalent bond between their thiol groups.
Disulfide bonds occur when two cysteine molecules are ____ groups.
____ are complex proteins, such as hemoglobin, consisting of amino acids combined with other substances .
Conjugated proteins are complex proteins, such as hemoglobin, consisting of ____ .
A/an ____ is the attached molecule in a conjugated protein and can be a metal ion, vitamin, lipid, carbohydrate, or nucleic acid.
A/an prosthetic group is ____.
Peptide bonds link the ____ of the next amino acid.
____ are reusable catalysts that are unchanged by the reactions they catalyze.
Enzymes are reusable catalysts that are ____ by the reactions they catalyze.
Exergonic reactions ____ energy.
____ reactions release energy.
Endergonic reactions ____ energy
____ reactions require energy
A/an ____ catalyzes REDOX reactions that involve the transfer of electrons .
A/an oxidoreductase catalyzes ____.
A/an ____ moves a functional group from one molecule to another.
A/an transferase ____
A/an ____ catalyzes cleavage with the addition of H 2 O .
A/an hydrolase catalyzes ____ .
A/an ____ catalyzes cleavage without the addition of H 2 O or the transfer of electrons .
A/an lyase catalyzes ____ without the addition of H 2 O or the transfer of electrons .
A/an lyase catalyzes cleavage without ____.
A/an ____ catalyzes the interconversion of isomers .
A/an isomerase catalyzes ____ .
A/an ____ joins two large biomolecules , often of the same type.
A/an ligase ____.
A/an ____ catalyzes the hydrolysis of fats .
A/an lipase catalyzes ____.
A/an ____ adds a phosphate group from ATP to a substrate.
A/an kinase ____
A/an ____ removes a phosphate group.
A/an phosphatase ____
A/an ____ adds a phosphate group from an inorganic phosphate like HPO 4 to a substrate.
A/an phosphorylase ____