194 cards
In eukaryotes, DNA is wound around histone proteins to form ____ .
In eukaryotes, DNA is wound around ____ to form nucleosomes .
In eukaryotes, ____ is wound around histone proteins to form nucleosomes .
Histone proteins that DNA is wound around are ____.
Nucleosomes, may be stabilized by another histone protein (____).
As a whole, DNA and its associated histones make up ____ in the nucleus.
As a whole, DNA and its associated histones make up chromatin in the ____.
____ is dense, transcriptionally silent DNA that appears dark under light microscopy.
Heterochromatin is ____ under light microscopy.
Euchromatin is ____ under light microscopy.
____ is less dense, transcriptionally active DNA that appears light under light microscopy.
____ are the ends of chromosomes.
Telomeres are the ends of ____.
Telomeres contain high ____-content to prevent unraveling of the DNA.
____ contain high GC-content to prevent unraveling of the DNA.
Telomeres contain high GC-content to prevent ____ of the DNA.
During replication, ____
____ are located in the middle of chromosomes.
____ hold sister chromatids together until they are separated during anaphase in mitosis.
Centromeres hold ____ together until they are separated during anaphase in mitosis.
Centromeres hold sister chromatids together until they are separated during ____ in mitosis.
Centromeres contain a high ____-content to maintain a strong bond between chromatids.
Centromeres contain a high GC-content to ____.
The ____ is a set of specialized proteins that assist the DNA polymerases.
The replisome (replication complex) is a set of specialized proteins that assist the ____.
To replicate DNA, it is first unwound at an origin of replication by ____.
To replicate DNA, it is first unwound at an ____ by helicases.
Unwounding at origin of replication produces two ____ on either side of the origin.
Prokaryotes have ____ origin(s) of replication.
____ have a circular chromosome(s) that contain only one origin(s) of replication.
____ have linear chromosome(s) that contain many origin(s) of replication.
Eukaryotes have ____ origin(s) of replication.
Unwound strands are kept from reannealing or being degraded by ____.
____ causes torsional strain on the DNA molecule.
Supercoiling causes ____ on the DNA molecule.
Supercoiling can be released by ____.
____ can be released by DNA topoisomerases.
DNA topoisomerases function by ____.
Type ____ topoisomerases relax DNA (i.e., remove supercoils ) by nicking and closing one strand of duplex DNA.
Type I topoisomerases ____ ) by nicking and closing one strand of duplex DNA.
Type I topoisomerases relax DNA (i.e., remove supercoils ) by ____.
Type ____ topoisomerases change topology of DNA by breaking and rejoining double-stranded DNA .
Type II topoisomerases ____ .
DNA replication is ____ .
Semiconservative DNA means ____.
DNA cannot be synthesized without an adjacent nucleotide to hook onto, so a ____.
DNA polymerase ____ is found in prokaryotes.
DNA polymerase III is found in ____.
DNA polymerases α, δ , and ε are found in ____.
DNA polymerases ____ are found in eukaryotes.
DNA polymerases read the template DNA ____′ to {{1::3}}′.
The ____ strand requires only one primer and can then be synthesized continuously in its entirety.
The leading strand requires only ____ primer and can then be synthesized continuously in its entirety.
The ____ strand requires many primers and is synthesized in discrete sections called Okazaki fragments.
The lagging strand requires many primers and is synthesized in discrete sections called ____.
RNA primers can later be removed by ____ (eukaryotes).
RNA primers can later be removed by DNA polymerase I (____).
RNA primer place is filled in with DNA by ____ (eukaryotes).
RNA primer place is filled in with DNA by DNA polymerase I (____).
____ can fuse the DNA strands together to create one complete molecule.