Question
Osmotic pressure is a ____ property.
Answer
Osmotic pressure is a colligative property.
Formula for Osmotic Pressure:
Π = iMRT
i = van 't Hoff factor
M = the solute molar concentration
R = the ideal gas constant
T = absolute temperature
Note: where M is the molarity of the solution, R is the ideal gas constant, T is the absolute temperature (in kelvins), i is the van ’t Hoff factor, which is simply the number of particles obtained from the molecule when in solution.
Example: Glucose remains one intact molecule, so iglucose = 1; sodium chloride becomes two ions (Na+ and Cl–), so iNaCl = 2. The equation clearly shows that osmotic pressure is directly proportional to the molarity of the solution. Thus, osmotic pressure, like all colligative properties, depends only on the presence and number of particles in solution, but not their actual identity.
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